Internal-combustion engine.



y INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.:

YPLCTON FILED JUHE'l, 1912 flu/@dorf f e di 6,.

G. R.V RICH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIUATOK FILED JUNE 12, 1912. A1,076,91 1. Patented ot;2s,1913.

4 TBEEETS-BEEET 3.

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G. B. RICH. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED. JUNE 12, 1912.

1,076,911. Patented @1.28.1913

4 Hanns-sum' 4.

UNrrnn srnrns frirrnnr onirica Specification OfLettrSPatntl y PatentedOctS, 1913.' 'I agpncanon filed June-ia, 1era serialnmnaaoi. 4

granimatic sectionalviewof one section of 'lsadcam tracl'r, taken on line 8-8 Fig. (i, i Fig'. 9 'is aV perspectiie View of a: fragment of the sleeve showing the construction fat Y certain' places on the track, Fig. l0 is a detail, vertical section through the piston, 6o cylinder wall and sleevev taken onA line 10%-10 Fig. 7, and .illustrating a spring pressed pin that travels along they cam track and Fig.` ll-is an end View of said pinand its support. '6-5 In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in said drawings 1l, designates the outer shell or casing of the cylinder, 220, of an internal combustion engine, 12, the

To M 'whom it 'may concern.' 4 Pw it known 'that I, Gnonon R.RIGH, a eil izen et the United States, residing at Oalr lark, in the county of' Cook and State ot" 5 illinois, have inventednew and useful `Ilnproveniente in Internal Combustion, Engines, of whichthe'following is a specific-ation. i f

Thisinvention relates: to internal combustion engines and particularly to that type known as four cycle engines, although it is possible to apply the invention to two cycle engines. 4

The lnain object of this invention isto produce an easy runniifrg` engine, of -novel constrnctiomto eliminate the use Aof puppetA or other like Valves and their aeconipanying' valve gearing; and to minimize the noise, vibration and jarring to which the ordinary gas or gasolene .engines 'are subject.

In the presen-t embodiment of the inven. tioh\l employ a Vrota-tory port cover, as for instance a sleeve,. for 'the inlet and exhaust ports of the cylinder, operatively driven 5 from the piston, either` directly or .ndrk

reetly, and constructed and arranged in such manner as to` open and close the ports at the proper intervals during the cycles of connects the piston with a crank lll, carried by a crank shaft l5. In accordance!` with the corfnnon practice, a pin t6, secured to the lpiston and extending through one end of the connecting reid 13, connects the piston with the `connecting rod, and a Wrist pin 17, of the crank le, extends through a box 13?, at the other endet' the connecting rod and connects the latter with the crank. The usual bearings are provided' forthe 80 crank shaft and a crank-case 1S, is provided" atthe` bot-tom of the engine 'for inclosing the AShaft,crank and connecting rod. The crankcase may comprise an upper section 18e, anda'lower section 18h, boltedorother- 85 Wise secured together as shoWn,'and said case is secured to the lower endof the shell or casing l1, by bolts and nuts 19.

, ll/Vthii-i the outer shell or casing l1, is 'the cylindrical Wall 20, 'of the cylinder 20, 90 Whichin the embodiment'ofthe inventionshown, is surrounded by a Water jacket 2l, extending part way down its side; its head 22,2115() 1s formed With awatenjacket 21,

operation.

The invention' consists in the several novel features hereinafter 'fully set forth in this specification and 4partic'ularlydefined in the claims. if: .I

'lhe invention is clearly illustrated'in the accompanying drawings.` in which: '.lfigure l is a vertical section of an up-` right engine vembodying one form of the- ,present invention, the section beingtaken on the broken line 1-1 in Figi 2, Fig. 2 is a Aho-rizrmtal section thereofl taken on the broken' line 252 Fig. it, Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken.- lonthe line 3-3' Fig. 1,- Fig. 4 is a detail, vertical section through the inlet port, showing the spark plilgyFig. `5 is a detail side elevation of a rotary sleeve or port cover, part-ly broken out to short7 the interior thereof,` Eig. s a diagrammatic view o a certain cam track which is asso-y cylindrical Wall 20a; The Acylinder 20, is bolted or otherwise secured to thefshell .or

piston, and 13, the connecting rod which' 70 opening tothev Water jacket around the `l casing 11, by bolts, extending through .i A

, taken on line 7M? Fig. il, Fig.` 8 isa dia- -from said compression space Q4, are the inlet and exhaust passages Q6 andQT; said passages may lead down between the outerflo face of the cylinder Wall 20a, andy in ii'er of the YWaterjacket 2l, 21, to increase the size of the compression space, andsald pas- 35 circular supporting ange 37, that 'projects ranged in is provided in y brought intoregister with either port.

--oil. Infact the entire space way between the ports,

sageways open out'. through t e casing 11',4

by way vof inlet and exhaustfports 28, 29.V By way of preference, said ports arearf' horizontal alineme'nt with. each other (when employed in an upright`.en`-. gine) .and are spaced. approximately 9 0 degrees apart; in such case the'erank shaftv 15, lies in a vertical plane extending.-V midas shown -in Fig. 2.

An annular space is vleft lbetween the water jacket 21, and the casing 11and insaid space is a rotatory port cover or sleeve l30, whose vcylindrical wall 31, surrounds that portion of' the cylinder, containing the inlet'and exhaustfports 28, 29, and incertain positions said sleeve closes both ports, whereas in a second position it opensthe inlet port, keeping the'exhaust port closed, and

v in a thirdposition it closes theinlet 'port and opens the'y exhaust 'port Inthe form of port cover shown, a -single opening 32, the wall 31, thereof, which opening is substantially of the same size and shape as the ports, and is arranged in horizontal alinement therewith, so that by turning the sleeve, the opening" may The sleeve-is shown as formed with a cylindrical walll 34,0f slightly less diameter than the' wa-11.31, 'and below said. wall 34, it

has an inwardly extendin horizontal flange 35, below which is-'a c'yvindrical wall' 36, which surrounds and itsupon 'theLWall 20, .of the cylinder 20.' The flange portionA 35,of the'sleeveO, rests upon a horizontal,

inward from the casing 11,l and the bottom wall 21, of the water jacket 21, is arranged immediately above the flange 35, to prevent upward .endwisemovement. ofy the sleeve.

lThe bearing lsurfaces on the sleeve and parts against, which -it vbears, arel machined to make-perfect bearing surfa ces,andl if de sired grooves maybe formed, in s aidbearing'surfaces tol reduce the size thereof, and also for the purpose of receivin lubricating gbetween the cylinder shell and crank case may beiilled with lubricating oil, or the crank casel may be iilled with oil, and the parts may be lubricated `by the oil splashed from the crank case. Operative means are provided for rotating said sleeve intime with the A, strokes of thevpiston, and by way of preference, said means are provided directly be- ,tween the piston andsleeve, so 'as to dispense with the necessity of complicated l gearing between the crank shaft and sleeve,

although I realize that it is possible to use gearing for driving the sleeve from the crank shaft.

In the form of the invention showin, a cam track 38, is providedupon the inner l face ofthe wall 36, of the sleeve, said track being here shown in the form of a continuous, zigzag groove, 'a developed view of which is illustrated in Fig. 6. Secured tO the pistonl 1 2, is a sleeve actuating device,

here shown as comprising a pin' or bolt 39,

that' projects out through a vertical slot 40,

in the wall 20a-,fof thecylinder and trai-'els in said cani slotortrack 3S, and acts to rotate the sleeve part way around during each stroke of theV piston. The'invention being shown as applied to a vtour cycle engine, the

cam slot contains Jfour sections marked intake, compressionf7 explosion and 1 exhaust -in Fig. 6; movement of the pin through any onesection causes rotation of V the sleeve through an arc of degrees. To insure a positive movement of the pin from one section of the cam slot to another,

I provide'co-act-ing means between the cam slot' and pin, constructed and varranged toprevent the pin-from traveling backward in the same section after it has once come into position at -the meetingpoint of any two sec- 'tions. I-ntheform shown, the bottom sur-- face 38X, of each section of the track slopes from one end 'of the section to the other, -as diagrammatically shown in Fig. S, to form a shoulder orl abutment 41, at the end of each section, against which..l abutment the pin strikes when the piston. starts in a direction opposite to the .one'previously traveled by it. The pin 39, lis' spring pressed toward the bottom of the cam slot so that its end 39a,-

continuously bears against the bottom of the slot, and when it reaches the end of a section it passes over the abut-ment and down' necting means between the pin 39, and piston, said connecting means being here shownl into the bottom of `the next section.A In Fig. 10,- 'is illustrated, in detail, one forml of conmeans of a head 43 on one end and lock nut 44, upon its other end.v In the inner end of'.

the sleeve 42, issecured a. block 45, and between said -block and pin is' a coiled compression spring 46, which acts to'yieldingly press the pin outward and'against the bottom of the cam. slot. i

Under certain conditions it is found that the sloping bottoms 38", and spring 46, for

pressing the pin 39, against said-bottomsv may be dispensed with, because the momentum of the port cover or sleeve 30, acts'to carry the latter onward, when the pistonr reaches the end of its stroke, but I have Jfound that it-is advantageous to bring the sleeve to a full stop at the end of each stroke of the piston, and in order to accomplish this result the high and low points of the cam slot are formed with vertical extensions 38a, 38", (see'Figs. 6 and 9) adapted to receive the pin 39, after it has movedthrough I one section of the cam slot and before it begins its reverse movement in the other section, that is to say, at the ends of the strokes `is taken-in on the intake stroke "of the piston, at ,ivhichvtirne -theopeningl inthe'v ysleeve Si),V registers 'with the intakeport' 28. 'The opening;` 32, is so located with respect to. VJthe cam slot 38? as to commence'uncoveringr 1 of the .pistn h 'Pin travels .un I and: diosvn through the' vertical extensions-BV8,4 38","1 of the'cainslot, thereby` permitting the Vsleeve "Ito remain perfectly stationary fora certain length of time.Y v- In Fig. 6; the position assiuned by the pin 'A (when ythe piston and sleeve occupy the position illustrated in Fig. l) `is shown inl solidlines, and the positions 'of the pink at the ends of the strokes, are

shown in dotted lines. y

In'aceordanee iv'iththe common practice,

l aspark plufgO, is provided igjniitingr the charge and Fig. lshows said plug as secured in the Wallet theqeylinder. adjaoent'to the inlet-port. ,l v

In the operation,ofthe-engin@ theeharge the vinletjport 2S, at or Iaboutthetime Athat the piston beginsits intake stroke. the

time-the piston .has reached the lower end otits'ln'ta'ke stroke the nin 39; has traveled down the intake section et the'oam slot and has'lnoved the sleeve. 30, through an are .of 90 degrees, thereby nooviiit'g the opening y sequently niov'ing 'the opening 32, past the 'S25-past the inlet port Q8;` and thereafter elosinggthe saine at the-"end oit' the'intakestroke.

Ithe c vlintlei,'tlie pin 39, iiioves alon'z'gv the "ic'ompression section ofthe-qe'm slot,V .A thereby advaimingr the sleeve through are es During' the eo'nip1,'essioii stroke of of deggrees. A t the end ot`. t lie eoinhression stroke vthe charge is ignited and Idiirin"et5 the explosion stroke the 15in Vmoves along the explosion section ofi the? earnv v'slot and Vmoves the sleeve thi-rough another areofQO degrees {Din-ing the compression and eiznio sion strokes, the Wallfil, of the sleeif'e covers hot-hnorts, and the opening 325 the inlet to the exhaust portilAvt the bei inning` ofthe exhaust strokeofthe piston,

'the onenin' is in Josition about to` r of s ter with-fthe exhaust port-,129, and as, tlieton. travels through said' exliaiist stroke"s the pin' 39,'travels uptli'roupjh the e'Xh'a-u'stf sectionfof the earn slot, thereby in'ovingv the sleeve -thronghan arc 'of 90 degrees andcon' exhaustfport, 29; Figs. -1 and 2 show the piston in af position assumed byiit part way up on its exhaust stroke`,A the po1't`29, being` shown as fully openybutas soon as the pisi,

ton rea'clies'the` upper end of said exhaust stroke the sleevefwi'll have been. moved throughan are of 45 degrees frein such po'-l sition,'thereby bringing said opening tesa point` between the inlet'f and exhaust Vports and in position ready torunfoover -saidinlet port upon the intake stroke of thepistolr,

I realize .that various alterations and modifications of'this :device are possible without 4departing from the spiritjof my in# opening` Capable of regis'tering ivith said veis from "zigzag, t 4 raround its inner facer and a pin'. carried by lvent-ion.'andLVI-ido*not therefore .desire t0 l' '-l-iinit myself -to' theeiaet form of ejonstruetion shown-fand.' described.

I claimgasneiv andolesire teisecure by" f1'. In an internal combustion engine,tthe combination ofi al cylinder,v having "an inlet port and-.a exhaust port,j a reerpwcatory piston in said-cylinder, a rotatory port cover movable across said ports, and having an 1J'orts," and operative connections for rotatlf ling'theport eo-verin timed rela-tion with the piston, one element of' which -l extends through a slot in the cylinder, and: directly `connects the piston With the port cover'. 2;'.In an internal. combustionk engine, the combination of a cylinder lhaving an inlet p'njt and an exhaust port, `a` piston recipro-` eablein said cylinder, ajrotatorysleevenieve s es:

able across said lportsV and flhaving an open-V ing therethrough l: capable of registering i,with saidiports, one at time, Vand motion ino'vableacrosssaid ports' and having an 'opening capable et registerliiga with said ports, said port eover being provided l`with a 16o' zigzag ca-1n trank, the iiicliiies :of which 'are of spira-i forni, veoneentrie with saidipistoin and alpi'ojetion carried by saidjiiston and projecting out through a. vertieal `slot he een' of um Cyiiader and operativen mg ingfsaid cani track to trasnitlniotion from said .reciprocable piston to said rotatoryportV i covering.

combination of a cylinder'liaving `a`n`inlet 13.0 port and' an outlet port, a piston reeipro--, cable in said cylinder, a rotary. sleeve surrohnding' said cylinder and inovabieac said ports, and having an opening`-ca1ia ile otiegisteiing with said ports, one ata time- 1115 saidlsl'eeve" being forniedwithi a continuons` groovedfeaintrack, -extendingv saidlpiston and traveling;VV in said earn track- 'andfoperating to rotate said sleeve in vtiined Trio.,

relation to the piston. y l .l i

d.5; In an internal kooinbust iori enginethe j eonabination of cylinder,` having an inlet.V

port and an outlet por@l aipfijston 'reeiprocable in said'cylinder, a rotatory sleeve inov- 12.15

able yacross Vsaid ports and having an opelr.

'ing capable ot registering' with said ports,

enea-t a time, said sleeve having a -continuous undui ated groovedA track formedl upon its-inner falce, a pin oarrife'dby-sa1dpis-w130 4;"Inan internal co-nibustionfengine, the f tonand moving therewith in a `straight line,

said pin extending out through a. longitudinal slot in the wall of the cylinder and traveling in said track and operating to rotate said sleeve in timed relation to the piston.

G. In an internalcombustionengine, the combination of a cylinderhaving an inlet -port andan outlet-port, a piston reciprocal`le in said cylinder, a. rotatory sleeve movable across said ports and having an opening capable of registering with said ports, one at a time, said sleeve being provided with a continuous zigzag track, a projection carried by and moving with said piston, and

`traveling valong said track and operating to rotate said sleeve in one direction, and

nieaiis for positively directing said pin fromA eachsection of the zigzag track to the next adjacent one, and thereby preventing retrograde motion of said sleeve.

7, In' an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a cylinder, having an inlet port and an outlet port, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, a rotatory sleeve movable across said ports and havingan opening capable of registering with said ports, one at a time, said. sleeve being provided with a continuous, zigzag, grooved track, the bottoms ot' which slope from oneend to the other invsteplike arrangement tov leave la shoulder at the end of each section, and a spring pressed pin carried by saidv piston and traveling in said track, said shoulders acting to direct said pin from the one track `section to the following one.

8. In an internalcombustion engine, 4the combination of a water cooled cylinder, having an inlet port and an exhaust port, a

piston reciprocable in said cylinder, a ro- -sliell surrounding said cylinder' and spaced away therefrom to-leave an annular space therebetween, said outer sliell'havingports registering with the ports of the cylinder, a rotatory'sleeve having a cam groove therein and having a cylindrical wall rotatable ,in said space between the cylinder and outer shell and said wall beingformed with an opening capable of registering with said ports, and means carried by the iston and extending through a. vertical slot in the cylinder wall and traveling in said cam groove.

10. In an internal combustion engine, the combination-of a cylinder, havingl an inlet port and an exhaust port in its side wall,

la'piston in said cylinder,jan outer shell 's urrounding saidcylinder and forming its support, said outer shell having anA inwardly projecting annular Hange, a rotatory sleeve located between said outer shell and'cylin- 'in said cylinder, a rotfatory sleeve surrounding said cylinder and having van opening capable of Aregistering with s aid ports, a support for said sleeve, a continuous, zigzag cam track on the inner face of'. said sleeve, said cam track having extensions leading therefrom at their top and bottom points, a pin carried by the piston and travcling in said zigzag track and the extensions thereof, andfineans for directing said pin from each track extension toA an adjacent section .of the track. i f f 12. In an vinternal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an inlet -port and an exhaust po-rt, a reciprocable piston in said cylinder, a rotatory sleeve snrrounding'said cylinder :and having an opening capable of registering Withsaid ports, said sleeve being'formed on its inner face with a` continuous, zigzag, grooved cam track formed .With'groo'ved extensions atthe top and bottom points of the track, a pin carried by the 'pistonand traveling in said grooved ,cam track and its extensions, and meansv for directing said pin'from anyextension tothe following section of the cam track. i

13. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder having an inlet port and an exhaust port, a reciprocable piston in said cylinder, a rotatory sleeve surrounding said cylinder and having an opening capable of registering with'said ports, said sleeve being formed on its innerv face with four 'right and left inclined connected grooves, arranged around the sleeve to form a continuous zigzag cam groove, the: bottoms of ,the grooves sloping from end to end in steplike arrangement, anda spring pressed pin carried by the piston and traveling in said-grooves.

14'.' In an internal combustion engine, lthe combination of a cylinder having van inlet i ing; C21-pablo of registering with said ports, means for ciirectzing said pin from any exl0 said sleeve being 'formed on its miler face tension to tbc'folloivmp; groove.

with four right and left inclined connected lli Witness whereof, I have hcrcmiio grooves arranged around the sleeve 1n the signori my name at Chicago, Cook county, form or o zigzag com groove, the meetlng illinois, this 10th day of .Timo 1912.

points of 's aid grooves having grooved ex- G1ERGE"R, RICH. tensions lying in the line of traval of the VVNHQSSQS: piston, :L pin carried by the piston and trziv- @avro M. CARRY,

@ling `in said grooves and extensions, 'anni K FRANK THOMPSON. 

